From a defensive perspective, the more relevant question is what velocity was the projectile designed to perform at. From that, you can select a barrel length appropriate to be in that velocity window. For most 9 mm loads, a 4" barrel will work well.
I realize that faster doesnt necessarily make for better performance.
What i’m really looking at is possibly a suppressed SBR in a handgun caliber.
Sort of a PDW?Which may not be the most practical idea to begin with.I’m really just looking for the best barrel length for such a project…Yet to even decide on caliber(leaning-9mm).
I was thinking that a handgun caliber weapon and suppressor could make for a noticably lighter/smaller(more “discreet”) package than a 10.5" suppressed AR.
Maybe a piston system(suppressed 10.5") in 5.56,with a folding stock,might be a better option…20 round mag…
As Doc pointed out, you’re much better off going with an actual rifle caliber which gives you significant improvements on terminal effects.
Just to throw it out there, most 9mm, .40S&W, and .357sig JHPs are designed around the 4" barrel. So, that is generally your sweet spot. As for the .45acp, JHPs are designed around the 1911 5" barrel. As you shorten your barrel length from these standards, you will decrease the reliabilty of your hollow point opening up the shorter you go.
All bullet designs are different but what would be the suggested high end velocity for 115 & 124 gr 9mm H/P’s in general before they start fragmenting and failing to penetrate as needed. I think I recall someone a while back suggesting 1250fps but I could be wrong.
To answer your question tho, there was a group of guys who tested handgun velocities per inch of barrel. I looked at them all and it seems that with that data set, there is a consistent break over point where the velocity gain becomes inconsistent or insignificant or unreliable with additional inches added to barrel length. It appears to be around 14" almost across the board with the pistol cartridges tested.
if it were me, I’d probably not go any longer than 14" of barrel length, unless you wanted to do some special slower burning powder handloads to take advantage.