I don’t feel I’m qualified to “weigh-in” on whether a M&Pc would fill the intended role; however, the size differences outside of grip length, are tremendously close. I don’t want to make assumptions about an individuals needs, but the G19 and M&P9/40/45c dimensions, to me, seem close enough to be a “push” (again, outside of grip length, which people prefer one or the other for a variety of reasons).
The video below (no affiliation) demonstrates the size from a couple of perspectives.
The G19 grip length is optimal for most. You can shoot it with gloves and the mags drop free.
The MP Compact is shorter, and if you use X grip extensions it looks to me like you’ll have trouble dropping mags. I suppose you can cut part of the X grip off in the rear to help this.
I’m a little confused why the OP has concerns about the M&P compact with gloves on… what exactly would preclude the compact from being used with gloves? If you are comfortable with the 2-finger grip on the compact it should work fine, gloves or not, no?
The main thing that I notice when running my compact is watching that I don’t pinch myself during reloads due to the shorter grip, that’s about it.
Some of this will be directly related to your actual hand size, of course.