Actually, most of the world’s legal opium is raised in Southern France.
The opium in Afghanistan goes mainly to Russia, China and Southeastern Europe.
Poppy eradication had worked so well at driving up the price of opium, that from 2005 when the program started to 2008, there was a huge OVERPRODUCTION of poppy in Afghanistan. During the 2009 growing season, we found 100s of tons of opium in caches from the year before. Opium that the drug-lords couldn’t give away.
Eradication is like trying to bail all the salt-water out of the ocean with a teaspoon. It’s stupid, doesn’t work, and just pisses off a bunch of people we’d rather not piss off.
One of the reasons Helmand province is such a good place to grow opium poppy in the first place, is that in the 1960s, the do-gooders at USAID built huge western-style irrigation systems feeding off the Helmand river. Unfortunately, because the folks at USAID are do-gooding idiots, the western-style irrigation systems poisoned the ground there with salt so that only crops like poppy and pomegranate can grow productively. Wheat will “kind of sort of” grow, but opium stores and travels well.
The Taliban initially banned poppy production during their reign, but is now supporting it, in league with the drug-lords, who were NOT Taliban, until we drove them into the Taliban’s arms. One of Karzai’s brother is one of the non-Taliban drug-lords, btw. Now, Taliban use opium profits to fund operations plus they get poppy grower support for giving crop insurance in return for poppy growers fighting American and ISAF troops.
Having done the poppy erad/counter narc thing in Afghanistan, I think it is a waste of time. Interdiction is the only thing we should be involved in, and we should involve the most interested parties, i.e. the Chinese and Russians, into backing those efforts.